Here We Go! "Off The Vine" Volume #1, Issue #1. Carolyn and Craig's "Welcome" articles

Finally meeting Carolyn when Sue and I brought her plants on a swing by her home in New York while visiting family - May 20, 2011.

NOTE - I am pasting in our original articles exactly as written. There will be some awkward grammar, some misspellings - and I cringe a bit when I see some of what we wrote.

How this will go: Each week I will paste in an article from our newsletter. At the end, I will share some thoughts after reading the article for the first time in decades! I hope you enjoy reading some material written in the middle of the heirloom gardening boom stimulated by formation of the Seed Savers Exchange.

Carolyn Male’s Welcome -

Welcome to Off The Vine

We’re delighted to finally publish our first issue of “Off The Vine”!  In future issues we expect to present articles about home hybridization, history of tomatoes in the Americas, use of heirlooms in commercial breeding programs, feature articles on selected growers, tomato folklore, and “favorite” heirloom tomatoes.  We want “Off The Vine” to be interactive with our readers so in each issue we will pose a question or two and ask for your responses.  Please include your phone number in your letter so we can obtain your permission should we publish what you write.

We are both enthusiastic members of the Seed Savers Exchange (SSE) and since the original announcement for this newsletter appeared in the SSE 1993 Yearbook, our first question relates to the SSE.  Both of us are concerned that the yearbook has become, or is becoming, a seed catalog rather than primarily a mechanism for the preservation of heirlooms.  In our experience the majority of seed requests we receive are from unlisted members, most of whom are not reoffering seeds in subsequent yearbooks.  To us, this is a troublesome situation.  At most, seed from about 5% of the varieties sent out is being reoffered.  So, our first question is:  What ways can you think of that might increase the rate at which members reoffer seed?  Please send your responses to Carolyn at the address below; she will be handling most of the “paper work”.

We also welcome your ideas and suggestions for future articles and questions to the readers.  If you’ve liked this first issue, and the future goals and plans we’ve outlined, we welcome your subscriptions.  We are low budget, low key, and amateurs! 

We expect most issues to be 4 to 5 pages double sided. 

Finally, there are several people who have been supportive of our efforts to publish an heirloom tomato newsletter and we’d like to mention a few names.  Jeff McCormack of Southern Exposure Seed Exchange graciously offered to mention “Off The Vine” in his current catalog.  Kent Whealy of SSE voiced his support to Craig at the 1993 Campout and Steve Demuth of the SSE staff did our first layout.  Andy Smith, whose fascinating book on the history of tomatoes in the Americas up to 1840 will soon be published, has also been very encouraging to us.

__________________________________________________________________________

Craig’s welcome

The Birth of “Off the Vine” 

After two or three years in the incubation period, Carolyn Male and I are about to publish the first issue of a newsletter entirely devoted to heirloom tomatoes.  We have decided to call this newsletter “Off the Vine”, an idea that Carolyn came up with.  (We won’t discuss the options that I was able to concoct!).  In case some of you are wondering who we are and what we have in mind for the newsletter, here is some information for you.

First of all, we are members of the Seed Saver’s Exchange.  I joined in 1986, and Carolyn got bitten by the heirloom bug in 1989.  Actually, we have never met!  I can recall that one of my first seed request letters of 1989 was from Carolyn, and I was immediately taken by her friendly tone, sense of humor, and dedication to the cause.  We shared many varieties of heirloom veggies over the following years, and talked frequently on the phone.  Some of this talk led to the eventual direction that our hobbies were taking us.  And, one of our ideas was to fill the huge gap in gardening literature, regarding the lack of any tomato newsletters. 

Now for a bit of background on each of us.  Carolyn tends her gardens at the farm she was raised, near Albany, New York.  She grew up with farming and gardens as an integral part of her life; some things do not change!  When she is not watering, weeding or picking, she teaches biology-related courses at the college of St. Rose.  Carolyn enjoys growing everything, apparently, though she confesses that flowers are a special passion.  Somehow, she has found herself the proud owner of somewhere around 800 varieties of tomatoes, and each year must make the difficult yet delightful decision of what to grow! 

As for me, I have taken a roundabout route toward landing in North Carolina.  Originating in Rhode Island, where I gardened with my grandfather, I have spent time in New Hampshire, where I received my degree in chemistry, Washington (Seattle must surely be what heaven is like), and Pennsylvania.  Now, as a pharmaceutical chemist for Glaxo, I need to ensure that my gardening time does not get in the way of the many other interests that I pursue, not the least of which is my family!  After joining the SSE, my gardening experience became a real part of my life.  And, each year I also must decide between about 800 varieties of tomatoes. 

As for our newsletter, we envision a forum for gardeners that have a particular interest in heirloom tomatoes.  Among the topics we hope to address are gardening concerns, such as isolation distances, particular varieties, including their various merits or detriments, history, or apparent demise, and interviews with notable heirloom tomato collectors.  It should be a lot of fun, and we hope that some of you give it a try.

If you would like to subscribe, please send $5.00 (US) to “Off the Vine”, c/o Carolyn Male, 21-2 Latham Village Lane, Latham, NY  12110.  This fee will get you three issues per year (if all goes well...), each issue being 5-7 double sided pages.  Please remember that this is a very grassroots-style effort.  It won’t be glossy, but it will always be interesting!  We look forward to hearing from you.

_________________________________________________________________

Well, reading that took me back. The world lost Carolyn on June 14. 2019. Our gardening friendship lasted 30 years, complete with many ups and a few downs (certainly expected for two opinionated people!).

Obviously, the addresses and subscription info listed above is long obsolete. It is included for completeness. It is remarkable to ponder how far each of us had already embedded into growing heirloom tomatoes. This newsletter came out about 7 years after I joined the SSE, and for Carolyn, about 5 years.

Carolyn, listening to Sue during our visit on May 20, 2011

My tomato collection tour - part 2. Tomatoes 11-20

Here’s an oldie - me with a watering can age age 2 or so, from a digitized slide

It’s Friday night, and it seems a good time to create part 2 of this series of blogs in which I will take you on a trip though my seed collection. Sue and I just had a nice dinner at Sierra Nevada in Mills River (lucky us - a great, major brewery just 20 minutes from our house!) with gardening friends Charlie and Mary.

Before I dig into my seed log and memory and cover my next 10 tomatoes, let me update you all on what I’m up to (when not blogging , or hiking with Sue and the dogs). My main recent activity has been filling seed requests. The good news is that I am nearly done, and it is exciting to ponder gardens filled tomatoes from my saved seeds. I tend to do the “easy” ones first, and leave to the end the big and complex requests, many of which contain Dwarf Tomato Project seeds. The flip side is that I have to call an end to this work - any new requests will have to wait until late in 2022. After seed sending comes a restart to a new book on the Dwarf Tomato Breeding Project, and reengagement with Joe Lamp’l in preparation for the relaunch of our on-line tomato course, Growing Epic Tomatoes. It is also time to get serious about planning what I will grow this coming year. So….we may have just flipped the calendar to 2022, and it may be 20 degrees outside (really!) - but things are now busy again. Holiday vacation is over!

Who doesn’t love Sun Gold!

Here we go!

Tomato 11 - Abraham Lincoln, seed obtained in 1987 from Shumway. Abraham Lincoln is a very important tomato variety, developed and released by the Buckbee Seed Company of Rockford, IL in 1923. A scan of the cover of that catalog, showing their new release, is here. I decided to give this one a try based on the entry in the book The Total Tomato by Fred DuBose. He ranked it highly and noted that it had a unique trait of having “distinctly bronze tinted foliage”, as well as large scarlet red delicious tomatoes. I grew Abraham Lincoln in my 1987 garden in Berwyn, Pennsylvania as part of my Heirloom vs Hybrid study. What a disappointment this was. The plant appeared to be determinate, topping out at 3 feet tall, The foliage was typically green, with no bronze tinge. It yielded quite heavily, producing 22 lbs of tomatoes of an average size of 5 ounces. The flavor was quite good, rating a B+. It was very early, coming in at 63 days from transplant. A few phone calls and letters indicated that the true Abraham Lincoln variety was lost, and this was offered as a replacement. Buckbee actually became Shumway over time, so it is sad that perhaps their most important tomato variety was no longer available in the form released in 1923. I did save seed, but never again returned to this “strain” of Abraham Lincoln.

Tomato 12 and Tomato 13 - Ruby Gold, acquired as one of my very first Seed Savers Exchange requests in 1987 from James Halladay of Indiana (who sent me two separate packets, hence the two numbers). Ruby Gold, it turns out, is quite a historic tomato, sold by Childs Seed Company in 1921. The descriptive listing is here, and color plate here. At some point, it acquired an alternate name, Gold Medal. Ruby Gold was one the tomatoes that were grown by Ben Quisenberry (a mid west seed seller best known for introducing Brandywine to the tomato growing world after acquiring it from Dorris Sudduth). I was so excited to grow this tomato because of it’s described large size, and unique coloration - yellow flesh swirled with red. I never did use the seeds that are Tomato 12 in my collection, but did grow Tomato 13 twice, in 1987 and 1991. The variety performed beautifully in my 1987 garden (and all years since). It was quite a late tomato, coming in at 83 days from transplanted seedling. I harvested 30 tomatoes from the plant for a total weight of 31 pounds, giving an average fruit size of 16.6 ounces. I can’t say that I loved the flavor, as it is quite sweet and fruit-like, resembling a peach in texture, color and flavor. The big slabs worked best, to my taste, on a cheeseburger, or for a grilled cheese and tomato. Few tomatoes are as impressive looking as the yellow/red bicolored beefsteaks, perfectly typified by Ruby Gold. I consider it one of my core varieties, due to its historical significance, beauty and as part of the early years of my heirloom tomato immersion.

Tomato 14 - Super Marmande - The Fred DuBose book influenced me to try this variety, raving about the yield and flavor of this French variety. It also provided a true determinate variety to add to my trials. The description in the seed vendor that I used, Thompson and Morgan, also swayed me, and I ordered the variety in 1987. I didn’t find the variety particularly distinctive or exemplary, except in yield. First ripe fruit were picked in 79 days from transplant. I harvested 81 tomatoes from the plant, the oblate scarlet fruit averaging 5.5 ounces, giving a total plant yield of an impressive 28 pounds. I rated the flavor as B+ - a nice tomato, but with all of the interesting colored heirlooms being explored at the same time, I was already leaving scarlet tomatoes behind even in 1987! Surprisingly, I decided to not save seeds, and never returned to it again. Super Marmande is open pollinated (not a hybrid).

Tomato 15 - Lemon Boy hybrid - I ordered this variety from Parks in 1987, enticed by the chance to add a yellow fruited tomato to the selection of hybrids in my heirloom vs hybrid contest. When asked which hybrid tomatoes I like to grow, Lemon Boy is a frequent suggestion for folks that have issues with open pollinated types. It was quite late in my 1997 Pennsylvania garden, starting to bear fruit at 89 days. The vigorous indeterminate plant really cranked them out, the 58 harvested tomatoes averaging 6.9 ounces, an impressive 25 lbs of fruit for the plant. I really enjoyed the well balanced flavor as well, and it rated a solid A. Now that I’ve tasted many more tomatoes in the years since, I would probably take it down just a bit in flavor, but still rate it as an excellent choice for gardeners seeking a nice smooth bright yellow slicing tomato. I really must grow it again, save seeds from it and explore the F2 array of possibilities as a way to guess what may be the parents of this variety. As a hybrid that has been available for 35 years or more, one wonders when its availability will come to an end.

Tomato 16 - Supersteak hybrid - Since I had Ultra Boy in my garden, how could I not add Supersteak. The clear trend in naming hybrids back in the 1980s shows so clearly. This variety was ordered from Burpee in 1987, and the catalog description for it was loaded with superlatives. Supersteak ended up being one of the more clear disappointments in my 1987 garden. A late tomato with a first ripe picking at 85 days from transplant, I harvested but 13 tomatoes from the vigorous indeterminate plant, with an average of 13.5 ounces per fruit, giving a total of 11 pounds. The oblate, scarlet tomato had quite good flavor, B+, inferior to the similar Ultra Boy hybrid in all respects, and far inferior in yield and interest to most of the heirloom types included in my 1987 garden. I didn’t save seeds and never did return to it.

Tomato 17 - Big Girl F1 hybrid - This was another 1987 Burpee purchase, and a balanced garden dictated having both boys and girls represented! This variety graced my 1988 garden, one of 7 hybrids grown that year. It really was nothing all that particularly special, being an indeterminate plant producing scarlet tomatoes averaging 6.6 ounces. It was a midseason ripener, starting to bear fruit at 73 days. The plant yielded quite heavily, with 57 tomatoes, giving a total plant weight of 23.5 pounds. I rated the flavor a B - relatively ordinary, a serviceable red slicing tomato of no particular outstanding merit. I didn’t save seeds and never did return to it.

Tomato 18 - This is actually the original designation for my very first saved tomato seed, in 1986 - tomato 18 is the same as T86-01 in my collection (it took until 1991 before I modified my numbering system). T86-01 is actually from a volunteer in my 1986 garden that I suspect was Roma. The determinate growing bush produced typical plum shaped scarlet tomatoes.

Tomato 19 - This is the original designation for my second saved variety in 1986, Baxter Bush Cherry - T86-02. See the next entry.

Tomato 20 - Baxter Bush Cherry - I didn’t purchase this tomato; it came as a free packet of seeds in my 1986 seed order from Burpee. I decided to include it in my 1986 garden (this is the year prior to the beginning of my heirloom vs hybrid contest). I remember planting it in the front left corner, at a place that wasn’t receiving much water when we went on a vacation; when we returned home the plant looked half dead. It made a comeback when care resumed and produced a very heavy yield of typical scarlet cherry tomatoes. It had determinate growth habit, thus quite a concentrated fruit set. Alas, we didn’t find it particularly flavorful. I am surprised to see that Burpee continues to sell the variety! It could be that flavor would be better in a climate different from the one I tested it in. I did save seeds but never did grow it again. The seeds were labeled Tomato 19 (see just above), but it has since been relabeled saved tomato T86-02.

Happy reading - I do enjoy doing these. The next installment - Tomatoes 21-30 - will have some real heavy hitters, a set of tomatoes that are important to me to this day.

Marlin watching me as I blog. He sure knows how to pick his spots.

More time traveling, this time to the debut of the Dwarf Tomato Breeding Project

Early July view - the driveway garden is in full swing in 2006!

Looking through old gardening pictures is great fun, and daunting (particularly with the ease of digital, and the way that they can really pile up!). It helps to have a focus. Last blog I covered my debut with a digital camera, 2002, and showed some of my first “tomato glamour” shots.

Here in 2022, I am embarking upon the 16th year of the Dwarf Tomato Breeding project. That is hard for me to fathom - time does fly when one is having fun (and eating well from the garden). The project had to start somewhere, and this blog is where it begins. The driveway in 2006 was where the initial set of indeterminate X dwarf hybrids made by Patrina in Australia were grown out for seed saving (it is with the saved seeds that dwarf hunting began, in 2007). I will stick to pictures to keep this blog of manageable length - the captions on the pictures will describe the variety and its lineage.

Pay no attention to the septoria and early blight attacking the foliage. These are the hybrid tomatoes on Bashful - the hybrid resulting from crossing Orange Strawberry with Golden Dwarf Champion. Patrina noted that she thinks it was not a clean cross, which subsequent offspring proved. This is why an orange X a yellow gave a red hybrid. Nothing of excellence emerged from this cross, probably due messy genetics because of rogue pollen. The tomatoes were in the 3 ounce range, round, red and very average in flavor, which really is of no consequence….the whole point is in moving forward to see what the flavors show in the dwarfs to be found.

If Doc looks a lot like Bashful, it is because there was a strong resemblance - medium sized round scarlet tomatoes of no great distinction flavor-wise. Doc was created by crossing Kellogg’s Breakfast with Budai Torpe (a small red fruited dwarf). The problem was that Kellogg had already apparently been crossed with Aker’s West Virginia - another dirty cross, so another mini project that didn’t work out as hoped. All dwarf plants resulting from growing out seed from these tomatoes was scarlet and ordinary in size and flavor.

Here is Dopey F1 hybrid, which represents a cross between the bicolored heart Orange Russian #117 with Golden Dwarf Champion. The hybrid fruit is medium sized, slightly oblate and a medium orange in color. Though quite a bit of work went in to exploring the dwarfs that resulted, only one was deemed good enough to stabilize, name and release - Dwarf Russian Swirl, a very nice medium to large oblate red/yellow swirled bicolor. For some reason, the heart shape from the indeterminate parent never made an appearance.

Here is Grumpy F1 - do you notice a trend? Many of our hybrids ended up giving medium sized scarlet fruit. Grumpy originated with Patrina’s cross between Black from Tula (a really nice Russian indeterminate purple tomato, similar in many respects to Cherokee Purple in outward appearance) and Budai Torpe. The scarlet color was as expected (red flesh and yellow skin being the dominant traits). The tomatoes were plentiful, nearly round, scarlet in color and fair to good in flavor. Grumpy ended up being a bit of a gold mine for early compact dwarfs, with the following as named, released varieties - Sleeping Lady, Dwarf Arctic Rose, Yukon Quest, Bundaberg Rumball, Iditarod Red, Clare Valley Red and Clare Valley Pink - releases out of one cross. Fruit size tends to be medium small to medium, maturity date is among the earliest of our dwarfs, they are quite prolific and flavor is just fine - not among the best, but very nice indeed.

Happy was one of the larger fruited of our new indeterminate X dwarf hybrids, which is not surprising. The parents are Paul Robeson (a good sized chocolate colored beauty) and New Big Dwarf (the largest fruited of the dwarfs to date, and pink in color, as well as delicious. I first read about it from a 1915 Isbell seed catalog from my collection, but a garden friend, Dave, noted it is from 1909 - see the link in his comment after this post). The scarlet color is actually not a surprise - the yellow skin of Paul Robeson over the red flesh of New Big Dwarf. Both parents tend to be irregular and oblate, and that is what the hybrid showed. The real surprise is in the flavor - this was one of the worst tasting of our starting hybrids, but led to some really delicious releases. An important lesson was therefore learned with this family. Releases from the Happy family are Tasmanian Chocolate (oblate medium sized early chocolate), Perth Pride (mid season medium small very tart purple), Boronia (medium sized tasty oblate purple), and Sweet Adelaide (medium to medium large smooth delicious pink). A few others never were completed, such as Tasmanian Red and Tasmanian Pink. My guess is that there are still nice things to be found from this cross.

Ripening Sleazy A on the plant

Sleazy A sliced - I had to show both, because this was one big tomato, as well as one delicious hybrid! The hybrid was created by Bruce Bradshaw (a California gardener) by crossing the purple indeterminate Carbon with New Big Dwarf (he actually messed up on one pollination, which resulted in Sleazy B - a smaller pink hybrid that used Dwarf Champion as the dwarf parent). The hybrid, as shown, came in at one pound or more, with delicious oblate pink tomatoes. Only one named variety made it to the finish line, but what a tomato it is - Dwarf Wild Fred, a truly delicious medium large purple with flavor very similar to Cherokee Purple. No releases emerged from Sleazy B.

Here’s Sleepy hybrid, another unimpressive medium sized red tomato that ended up being a real bonanza for some of our favorite dwarf releases. It also provided a color mystery. Sleepy came from Patrina’s cross between Stump of the World (a big potato leaf pink beauty with superb flavor) and the red dwarf Budai Torpe. Despite the boring scarlet hybrid, the joy emerged once we started dwarf hunting. Sleepy ended up leading to Rosella Purple (many people’s favorite tasting dwarf, a Cherokee Purple dead ringer), Rosella Crimson (whose flavor can often approach Brandywine), and Wilpena (a large red potato leaf variety that isn’t as well known as it should be). We have some named types that never did get finished up. The mystery - crossing a pink with a red….where did the purple come from! This represents the magic of tomato breeding and the chance of unlocking the genetics and having a recessive trait show itself when least expected!

Here is a pic of Sneezy F1 hybrid on the vine

And this is Sneezy cut open. The bright yellow tomatoes (with a bit of outer pink blush when very ripe) were in the 6-8 ounce range, smooth, nearly round, and just absolutely delicious. Sneezy came about when Patrina made the lucky decision to cross the spectacular potato leaf green slicer Green Giant with historic Golden Dwarf Champion. Out of this emerged a most remarkable set of some of our best flavored dwarf releases - the green fruited Dwarf Kelly Green, Dwarf Beryl Beauty, Dwarf Jade Beauty, Summertime Green and Dwarf Emerald Giant; the yellow fruited Dwarf Sweet Sue, Summer Sunrise, Summertime Gold, Barossa Fest and Summer Sweet Gold, and white Dwarf Mr. Snow - all in all, 11 of our creations came from this cross, and all are a joy to grow and eat.

Last comes Witty hybrid, bred by Patrina by crossing Cherokee Green with Budai Torpe - a yellow skinned, green fleshed indeterminate slicer with a small fruited red dwarf. The hybrid actually was one of the better tasting, with smaller, round scarlet tomatoes. Several of our underappreciated but really worthwhile releases came from Witty - the smaller, round fruited Kangaroo Paw Yellow, Kangaroo Paw Green and Kangaroo Paw Brown (Kangaroo Paw Red remains elusive - it keeps changing colors on us after we think it is stabilized), and the lovely slicing tomato Sean’s Yellow Dwarf, which I often suggest to people new to the dwarfs, for its reliability, earliness, flavor and beauty.

I hope you enjoyed going down Dwarf Tomato Project memory lane with me. The picture quality isn’t great and I didn’t have nearly as many prime shots as I hoped for. But they did serve the purpose in laying out how this all began.

Time traveling a bit - some garden pics from 2002, using my first digital camera

late June 2002 view of my garden - this was our 10th garden in Raleigh, prior to moving most of the tomatoes to the driveway.

I’ve never been a particularly good photo-documenter of my gardens. Prior to digital photography, there simply isn’t much at all that was captured. It really is a shame, particularly for the 1987-1990 stretch when I really took the deep dive into heirloom varieties.

2002 saw the very beginnings of growing in the driveway - this shows mostly peppers and eggplants.

The Nikon Coolpix purchased in 2002 meant more pictures, but not always the most timely and best organized. I didn’t always use the best size (meaning lower resolution), but in taking a tour through my 2002 pics, there are a few worthwhile things to share.

The real Red Brandywine - regular leaf, scarlet fruit, medium sized, nice smooth form

In 2002, my garden held 78 different varieties. Looking through the varieties, it is clear that many grown then continue to be my favorites - Cherokee Purple and Cherokee Chocolate, Ferris Wheel, Brandywine, Yellow Brandywine, Red Brandywine, Aker’s West Virginia, Halladay’s Mortgage Lifter, Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom, Speckled Roman, Stump of the World, Lucky Cross, Nepal, Black from Tula, the Livingston varieties Favorite, Magnus and Golden Queen, Peak of Perfection, Burpee’s Matchless, and Anna Russian. Seeds saved that year are now 20 years old and I will likely try my hand at germinating some, though they are 4 years older than the oldest seeds I’ve managed to germinate.

Black from Tula

My first good picture of Cherokee Purple showing all of its characteristics

Druzba, a highly underrated, fine medium sized red tomato from Bulgaria

Livingston’s Favorite, from the 1890s, a very popular medium sized historic red variety rescued from the USDA germplasm collection

Ferris Wheel, from 1894, a Salzer variety I also rescued from oblivion, hiding in the USDA germplasm, now one of my favorite tomatoes.

The spectacular Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom, potato leaf, late, showing its characteristic pink blush - core variety in my gardens since 1990.

Livingston’s Magnus - from 1900, showing exactly as shown in the old seed catalog - potato leaf, pink, medium sized, sweet and delicious. I grew it this year and loved it just as much.

Mexico Midget showing its tiny, pea sized fruit

Halladay’s Mortgage Lifter - this one was around 2 lbs, very characteristic.

Yellow Brandywine (which is actually orange) - big, oblate, and delightfully tart

That was fun to do - going down tomato memory lane, 20 years ago. Hope you enjoyed reading it as much as I enjoyed creating it!

Starting a new series - a walk through my tomato seed collection. Part 1. Tomatoes 1-10

just one seed storage area

It is January 2, about 10 PM - Happy New Year, all! I just deleted my Facebook page (I noted that this was going to happen recently). At this time, I will keep Instagram up and running. I have to say….that felt really good. My life is immediately simplified!

I just read through comments on my two part blog where my concerns about the destiny of my seed, catalog, letter and garden log info were laid out. What wonderful ideas, questions, and comments were posted - thanks so much (and please keep them coming). Considering what was raised will form the basis of the next installment - part 3, of what will likely be a fairly long, deep discussion of a topic I think is extremely relevant.

An idea came to me that it is timely to take you all on a walk through my tomato collection. We will need to go back in my garden history, back to 1986, the first garden that I grew from seedlings started myself. This journey will show my start with big name seed catalogs and hybrids, and a gradual transition to smaller companies, Seed Savers Exchange seed acquisitions, seed swaps, mining the USDA collection - the big move toward heirlooms/open pollinated varieties.

The numbering used below is my reference number in my Excel spreadsheet. It all started in 1986 with Tomato #1. As of today, I am on Tomato #7640. This is for tomatoes purchased, traded for, sent to me - saved seeds are a totally different kettle of fish (I suspect I will get to those eventually!).

just part of the entire set of SSE yearbooks (all the way back to 1975!). They also make great elevation devices for the laptop for Zooms!

Let’s start the journey - I think taking these 10 per blog will be a digestible dose!

Tomato 1 - Sweet 100 hybrid, purchased from Stokes seeds in 1986. I admit it - I fell for the hype (and to tell the truth, it was quite deserved). I only grew Sweet 100 once - in 1986, in my Berwyn PA garden. It produced a ton, was a very sweet (as advertised) scarlet red cherry tomato, was a bit crack prone (if I recall correctly), but certainly a fine variety that was a perfect right off the vine snacking type. I didn’t save seeds from it, and never grew it again!

Tomato 2 - Lady Luck hybrid, the feature tomato of Burpee Seed Company in 1986. This is another case of falling for the catalog hype, going for the “cover” tomato. Reaching back into my tomato memory, I recall it being an indeterminate variety with medium sized smooth scarlet colored tomatoes that tasted “good” - back then I really had no tomato flavor yardstick, no real expectations. Everything grown prior to 1986 was from garden center six packs - Better Boy hybrid, Whopper hybrid, and Roma are the varieties I grew in my gardens in 1981 and 1982 (in West Lebanon NH), and 1984 and 1985 (in Villanova, Pennsylvania). I remembered the tomatoes my grandfather grew, and the ones we purchased from farm stands. I don’t think Lady Luck was any better than Better Boy or Whopper - perhaps not even quite as good. But it did fine, and slices ended up on our sandwiches. I never grew it again and did not save seeds from it.

Tomato 3 - Sun Cherry hybrid, purchased from Johnny’s Selected Seeds in 1991! I’ve no idea why this tomato ended up out of date sequence; I have a feeling I just started recording varieties into my spreadsheet without paying strict attention to purchase date. I purchased this variety because it was described as a scarlet red “version” of Sun Gold hybrid (a tomato I was already avidly in love with). My records indicate that I grew it in my West Chester PA garden in 1991. It was super prolific, but the flavor was just OK to our palate. Seed wasn’t saved and I never grew it again.

Tomato 4 - Moreton hybrid, a legendary variety created by Harris Seeds, purchased in 1987. I actually have data on this one (and all others from 1987 onward), as this was grown during my three years of doing a hybrid vs heirloom contest in my gardens. Moreton may have blown lots of gardeners away, but not this one. I ended up picking 14 lbs of fruit from the plant, average weight about 6 ounces. It was a smooth, slightly oblate scarlet variety. My notes graded the flavor as “B”. I didn’t save seeds, and didn’t return to it for many years (at which time I did save seeds just to see what I got from growing some out). I remember selecting this variety (along with Jet Star and Supersonic hybrids) because of a general positive vibe about these three popular Harris varieties.

Tomato 5 - Basket King hybrid, purchased from Burpee in 1987. I have notes that I grew it in 1987 and 1988. I’ve no flavor, size or yield notes on it, however. My guess (confirmed with a Google search) is that it was bred to be a container variety that cascaded over (for hanging baskets), producing smallish scarlet tomatoes. Clearly it made no impression on me at all, no seeds were saved, and it wasn’t regrown by me. I suspect this was a compact determinate variety, not a microdwarf or dwarf type. I really have no idea why I decided to purchase and grow this one.

Tomato 6 - Ultra Boy hybrid, purchased from Stokes in 1987. Wow - not just Big Boy, but….ULTRA Boy! Stokes seemed to be in competition with Burpee in terms of Boy/Girl named tomatoes with various size superlatives. I grew it in 1987, and really liked it very much (though I didn’t save seeds or regrow it). I ended up picking 21 lbs of tomatoes at an average size of 10 ounces. I rated the flavor as “A-”, and the fruits were nearly round and scarlet red. This was certainly on a par with Better Boy and Whopper, though probably not deserving of the “Ultra” part of its name. I am sure I chose to try this due to that “Ultra” label, to see if it was indeed better than Better Boy, and as a good candidate to include in my heirloom vs hybrid trials.

Tomato 7 - Veeroma, an improved Roma type (open pollinated) from Stokes in 1987. This was quite the tomato machine. I selected it because of the description noting it as a super productive paste tomato. From one plant grown in 1987 (the only time I grew it) I harvested 220 tomatoes - classic 2-3 ounce scarlet plum shape - 34 pounds of tomatoes from that single determinate plant. Of course, few gardeners take a bite out of the plum type varieties and swoon with pleasure. It was a bit dry and mealy and bland. But as a roasting or sauce or paste tomato, it really shone brightly - and it wasn’t a hybrid!

Tomato 8 - Mammoth German Gold, purchased from the obscure and long gone Tomato Seed Company of New Jersey in 1987. I had never grown one of the large yellow/red swirled bicolor beefsteak heirlooms before, and the description certainly grabbed me. I am embarrassed to say that I never did grow a single plant from that seed. My tomato seed collection grew so fast that interesting candidates already became passed by in the rush to grow others that grabbed more of my interest at the time. I have grown many named varieties of this general type over the years - we will get to some soon. I selected it for purchase because I’d not grown a tomato of that color before.

Tomato 9 - Yellow Cherry, purchased from the Tomato Seed Company in 1987. This tomato has such an unassuming name, and there are quite a few tomatoes with such a name that are actually quite different. The monstrous indeterminate plant that graced my garden in 1987 produced quite small nearly translucent pale yellow cherry tomatoes with a really fine flavor - I rated it an A-, which is quite good for a cherry tomato. I did save seeds and my notes indicate that I grew it again in 1998. The tomatoes were about 0.2 ounces each, and I picked over 700 from the plant - which works out to a little over 9 lbs of fruit from the plant. I am not sure that this tomato is available any longer and must remember to search about. I’ve not really grown anything quite like it since. Once again, this choice was made to give me a new experience - a yellow colored cherry tomato.

Tomato 10 - Brandywine, purchased from the Tomato Seed Company in 1987. I grew one plant, saved seeds grew this particular one again in 1998. It was potato leaf and had pink fruit (this is the very first pink tomato of my experience). I ended up with 16 lbs of tomatoes from the plant, average size of 8 ounces. The flavor was very good - but not the supreme flavor of a Brandywine I obtained a bit later on from seed saver Roger Wentling of PA (he got the variety from Ben Quisenberry, who received it from the Sudduth family - this is the legendary strain). I chose this one because of all of the hype around the variety from the various tomato books I read at the time. This one didn’t quite live up to the hype - but the one I acquired the following year certainly did.

I hope you enjoyed the start of the walk through my tomato seed collection. It was really fun to go through memory lane and recall the excitement of those early gardens, and the discovery of the joy of growing tomatoes out of the ordinary.

more recent seeds on my office shelves



"Seed Legacy and seed security" - my concerns, part 2

Sue, Koda and Marlin on our Flat Laurel Creek trail hike from this oddly warm week

In part 1 of this two part blog entry I set the stage for laying out a major concern that has been on my mind the past few years. I left off in part 1 talking about some famous Seed Savers Exchange member names that held large single crop selections. I also noted that we “seem” to be in good hands, with heirloom varieties being maintained by the SSE themselves, the USDA, the Svalbard Global Seed Vault.

I joined the SSE in 1986, developed my passion for heirloom tomatoes, helped launch a major tomato breeding project, and sit here as the calendar is about to flip to 2022 with literally thousands of seed samples (not just tomatoes, but also big pepper and eggplant collections). I also have a big collection of old seed catalogs (hundreds, collected over the years from antique shops and ebay). There are also boxes of letters; personal communications from just about everyone who ever sent me seeds.

I am not ready to stop gardening yet, of course, though I am certainly about to enter the “simplifying and downsizing” approach. This means less plants, which means longer times between growing particular varieties. I plan to use some of the more important seed catalogs for research for future books. These catalogs document the evolution of gardening in America, particularly those between 1870 and 1950 (the pre-hybrid focused years).

Marlin with his Christmas present

Here is the main question that I have, and the whole point of this two part blog. What is the landing point for all of my material? At some point I will decide that I am finished with the catalogs, need a safe place for the letters, the Dwarf Tomato Breeding project is essentially completed, and my massive seed collection needs to find an appropriate home. What is that home?

A few years ago my tomato growing friend and fellow author Carolyn Male died. I can only imagine the amount of heirloom gardening related material in her home. Through communications with her brother, I know that some of the seed did make it into the hands of fellow gardeners, but much was lost. I have no knowledge of what happened to the large collections of important seed saving gardeners who died decades ago - Fax Stinnett, Gary Staley and Thane Earl, for example, those who were the main tomato people of the first decades of the SSE.

I noted in part 1 that things at one point seemed to be in good hands, with the maintained and documented collections of the SSE, USDA and Svalbard Seed Vault. But the keyword is “seemed”. SSE had to make some tough calls on which varieties could reasonably be maintained, and there was significant culling of the collection (remember that they maintain far more than tomatoes!). The USDA started to consolidate their collections as well and far less material is maintained and available than previously. Svalbard is international, and I am not aware of their criteria for presence in their collections.

The reason that I see this as a problem reaching criticality now is that it follows logically from when the SSE created the buzz about growing heirlooms and saving seeds. Let’s say that it was 1985 when this really became “a thing” - we are now nearly 40 years beyond then. The loss of many of those original seed savers, as well as aging out due to health and reduced capability, means that the time is now (if not already starting to pass) to address the lack of clear destination for large collections of seeds and supporting materials (letters, catalogs, seed and garden logs) so that there is access and an effective set of processes to ensure that the seeds live on, and materials can be viewed.

So my question to all who read this blog - what sorts of ideas do you have? To personalize this - let’s say that I am looking at a destination for my seed collection, seed catalog collection, set of garden logs and seed and garden-related correspondences. What is that destination?

Then take my situation and replicate it around the country - around the world - as others who caught the seed saving addiction back in the 1970s, 80s and 90s - how do we prevent loss of possibly valuable germplasm? How do we preserve the information that accompanied those seeds? I’d love to hear what seed companies have to say about this also, as it is something that they themselves may face some day. I don’t think that any of what we have in place - SSE, USDA or Svalbard - is appropriate (for differing reasons). I think we are going to need something new - something that doesn’t yet exist.

Looking out into the Blue Ridge mountains from the Flat Laurel Creek trail in the Black Balsam area off of route 215

Digging a little deeper on the topic I raised about "seed legacy and security" in my last blog - part 1

Koda, Marlin and Betts with Sue taking a Christmas Eve day walk at DuPont Forst

In my last blog (and for those who read it/posted comments, thanks so much), I waited until the end to raise a potential issue that has been nagging at me for some time. I want to take my time describing the situation that has been on my mind for some years. I will split it into two parts, since it is a pretty meaty topic.

Here’s a really quick history primer on gardening in the USA. The very first seed catalogs arose in the early 1800s, mainly carrying varieties introduced in Europe. There were no hybrids being sold - everything was open pollinated (genetically stable and reproducible from saved seeds). American seedsmen, with breeding programs, really took off starting in the mid 1800s, and the proliferation of named varieties was rapid. This continued unabated until hybrid varieties began to appear in catalogs (for example, Burpee’s Big Boy, a major tomato introduction, in 1949). From that point on, the number of varieties of most things began to decrease, and the focus on creating new hybrids significantly increased.

By the mid 1970s, non-hybrid (open pollinated) varieties were in serious decline. Kent Whealy noted this and, in 1975, launched the Seed Savers Exchange to provide a mechanism for sharing rare, local open pollinated varieties more widely. The best way to ensure a variety doesn’t vanish is to grow it, save seeds from it and share it. All of a sudden, tomatoes could be grown well beyond red, and the diversity of beans, watermelons, muskmelon, lettuce (just to mention a few species) exploded, thanks not only to the success of the SSE, but the many smaller seed companies that it stimulated, focusing on non-hybrids. All seemed to be going in the right direction, as older varieties were being preserved, and new varieties continued to be created.

During this time, preservation of open pollinated varieties appeared to be in excellent hands. The Seed Savers Exchange, the USDA, and since 2008, the Svalsbad Global Seed Vault all focused on maintaining viable seeds of the explosion of varieties being saved (and even created). All seemed to be well for preserving our genetic horticultural heritage. In addition, the goal of Kent and Diane Whealy and the benefits of the SSE became a reality. The number of varieties available for gardeners to grow exploded. Those who gardened between the mid 1980s, right through to today, are the most fortunate in history with regard to the diversity of choices. Smaller seed companies, offering regional specialties or diving deep into particular crops, sit alongside the older and larger hybrid-focused companies. Choosing what to grow can be fun - and daunting!

Lake Julia in DuPont Forest on Christmas Eve day

We find ourselves at a rather unique time in horticultural history. The SSE was very successful in attracting some avid gardeners that ended up becoming obsessed with building large collections of varieties. My friend Jeff amassed a significant lettuce collection. I focused on tomatoes, as did many others such as Calvin Wait and Bill Minkey, and before them, Edmund Brown, Thane Earle and Faxon Stinnett. There was apple specialists, bean collectors, and essentially a few avid seed savers for each crop type.

This ends part 1 of this important topic. Within a week I will complete the story and pose the challenge, as it has come to me over the past few years.

Koda and Betts chilling out

Wishing you all a wonderful holiday season... wondering what 2022 will bring. There will be more changes for me… read on.

WNC Arboretum holiday lights display - one of the real stars!

There is just a little over a week left to 2021. It is hard to fathom where it all went. COVID remained with us, of course, complicating all of our lives. Our second year in Hendersonville was as joyous as our first, if not more so. It certainly was busier for me in terms of gardening tasks. Tomato growing was more purposeful than ever, representing the platform for the new on-line course with Joe Lamp’l, Growing Epic Tomatoes. Joe’s visits to my garden, my visit to Joe’s, were all video documented…and great fun! The course launched in the spring, and we are getting ready for a relaunch early in 2022.

As I work my way through fulfillment of a whole lot of seed requests, thoughts of the 2022 garden and gardening efforts are starting to whirl around in my brain. The demands of various communications - email, blogging, Facebook, Instagram and the course platform (Teachable) felt quite onerous, and left me with more feelings of the stress of falling behind than I would have preferred. The garden was too ambitious, too large, too complex, adding to that feeling of constant catching up. That’s not where I want to be at this point of my life, being retired from the corporate world and in an area Sue and I love, with endless hiking possibilities.

Wintergreen Falls in DuPont with Sue, Marlin and Koda a week ago

Some significant changes will occur soon to my communication methods. This blog will be my primary communication means (along with email of course). Since the blog doesn’t notify when new posts arrive, please check back to see what’s new. I hope to free up time to do shorter but more frequent blogs - certainly monthly, but possibly even weekly.

The time to blog more often will come from my departure (again!) from Facebook. I also am starting my step away from Instagram. I don’t go into all of my reasoning on this; suffice to say that it is time for me to simplify and find more time. Since I’ve decided to stop my newsletters as well, freed up time will allow me to focus on future books, such as the long-delayed work on the Dwarf Tomato Breeding project.

It just seems like time to enact the changes I’ve outlined above. Let’s see how it works.

Last thing - I will be seeking input on an emerging issue that I believes needs solving. I will just park a few tidbits about it before I close up this blog entry. Over my years of gardening I’ve amassed a huge collection of seeds, seed catalogs and letters, as well as my gardening journals. I am sure that the same can be said for many others who caught the heirloom and seed saving addiction starting in the mid 1970s with the formation of the Seed Savers Exchange. The issue is this: Once we are done with our gardening efforts, where should we park all of our materials so they are kept alive, and used, and maintained? Have a think about it - I will say more in my next blog.

One of this year’s Zentangle cards…a seasonal evening activity Sue and I enjoy!

Updates done...what happens next?

Raised bed planted with garlic, lettuce, spinach and chard - the fall/winter garden

I really enjoyed reliving my 2021 garden while writing down my three garden updates. It is still hard for me to believe that this packed, enjoyable, busy garden season is now in the rear view mirror. As I like to say, however, gardening is a 12 month hobby. For me, this means more assessing and planning and seed sending and writing, and less playing in the dirt. The picture above (and the one at the end of the blog) show the extent of my fall/winter gardening.

We are enjoying a glorious autumn. Sue and I (with various combinations of our beasty boys - and girl) are hiking as often as we can. It is remarkable to have so many beautiful places to walk close to our home, and we will never take it for granted.

The rest of October and November will be about fulfillment of seed requests - I am about to roll my my sleeves and start working on that early next week. There hasn’t been time to assess the status of the Dwarf Tomato Breeding project, so seeds I send out from the project for future work will be prior to full analysis of the status.

I’ve sent my last 2021 newsletter draft to my daughter and that should be published and sent out very soon. I will be intermittently blogging, but my social networking presence in general will be greatly reduced.

After that comes logging in of seed samples that folks have been sending me over the last few months - either dwarf project varieties or other heirloom types. I still have last year’s efforts of one of our main project contributors to log in to my seed database. That will happen over December.

The comes January, which means planning. Full assessment of the Dwarf Tomato Breeding Project - what remains, what is complete; sending seeds off to Mike Dunton at Victory for future spots in his catalog, and deciding what goes in my 2022 garden will all take place then. But that is 2022, and this is still 2021 - it is a bit too early to talk any further about that!

Elevated raised bed with more lettuce, spinach, chard and garlic.

2021 Garden Review, part 3 - at last....the Tomatoes!

mid summer tomato avalanche!

mid summer tomato avalanche!

This will be a long blog entry. I grew 105 different tomato plants and only one didn’t bear fruit. The loss of mid summer pictures (due to the cat pee on the old laptop issue) will be more acute in this topic. I did grab a few pics from Instagram posts, but I have so much more that could be lost forever.

The Season

2021 will be my best tomato year ever. The yields were insane due to perfect temperatures and humidity for excellent fruit set. Diseases were relatively low (a few instances of Fusarium wilt, and easily controllable early blight and septoria). Insects were few (just a few stink bugs, a few hornworms, and some fruit worms that seemed to focus their attack on poor Yellow Oxheart). Flavors were superb. We canned 63 quarts of tomatoes, 20 jars of sauce of various sizes (pints, quarts), and froze many bags of slow roasted tomatoes. We will be enjoying the results of the 2021 season right into the beginnings of next year’s harvest

Center is the hybrid between Cherokee Purple (left) and Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom (right). What an amazing treat!

Center is the hybrid between Cherokee Purple (left) and Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom (right). What an amazing treat!

Tomatoes 1-8 - Indeterminate heirloom X indeterminate heirloom F1 hybrids

1 - Cancelmo Family Heirloom X Don’s Double Delight F1 - First ripe 75 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to large slightly heart shaped scarlet tomatoes with faint gold stripes. The coloring was predicted, the heart shape not. Very dense interior, soft light red flesh, flavor somewhat flat - varied a bit depending upon ripeness, but I rated it a 6 to 6.5 out of 10 for flavor. The very soft flesh of Don’s Double Delight negatively impacted the fruit quality. Saved seeds will be fascinating to grow out, with some lovely discoveries, given the leaf and fruit shapes and color options. I expect that the flavor of the offspring will be better than that of the hybrid.

2 - Ferris Wheel X Striped Sweetheart F1 - First ripe 77 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to medium large flightly heart shaped pink tomatoes with faint gold stripes. The coloring and leaf shape was predicted, the heart shape was not. The flavor was sweet and delicious, rated 8 out of 10, reflecting well both parents. This is another that will be interesting to grow out, as the leaf and fruit shape options and presence of stripes will lead to some nice discoveries.

3 - Cherokee Chocolate X Stump of the World F1 - First ripe 80 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium large to very large smooth oblate scarlet red tomatoes. The coloring, size, leaf and fruit shape were all predicted. The flesh was relatively firm in comparison with the parents, and the flavor was well balanced and delicious, reflecting the excellence of the parents, and I rated it an 8.

4 - Cherokee Purple X Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom F1 (pictured above) - First ripe 91 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to very large smooth to irregular oblate pink tomatoes. The coloring, size, leaf and fruit shapes were all predicted. The flavor was simply outstanding, combining the best elements of each parent, resulting in one of the best flavored tomatoes of my experience, easily a 9. Exploring the results from saved seed will be a lot of fun.

5 - Blue’s Bling X Little Lucky F1 - First ripe 77 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to medium large smooth round to slightly oblate pink tomatoes. The coloring, size, leaf and fruit shapes were all predicted, and confirmed that Little Lucky has clear skin (otherwise the color of this hybrid would be scarlet red). This was another solid 8 in flavor, with great balance, intensity and texture. Saved seed will be fascinating to see how the variegation and bicolor swirls and purple coloration of the parents play out with the leaf shape options.

6 - Blue’s Bling X Polish F1 - First fruit 80 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with large to very large smooth oblate pink fruit. The coloring, size, leaf and fruit shapes were all predicted. Yet another of my new hybrids that gave excellent flavor, 8 out of 10, and lovely texture. There should be lots of interesting discoveries from saved seeds.

7 - Cherokee Green X Caitlin’s Lucky Stripe F1 - First fruit 82 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to large smooth round to slightly oblate fruit, which were scarlet red with faint gold stripes. Leaf and fruit shape and size and coloring were all predicted. The flavor was very good, just short of excellent, rating 7.5 for my palate, lacking just a bit of intensity, and the texture on the firm side. Loads of fun await grow out of saved seeds, given the presence of potato leaf, bicolor and green flesh in the mix.

8 - Cancelmo Family Heirloom X Green Giant F1 - First fruit 75 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plants with medium large to very large smooth round to slightly heart shaped tomatoes which were pink with some faint yellow marbling. Leaf and fruit size and color was predicted, the heart shape and slight yellow mottling were a surprise. The flavor varied throughout the season, from very good to superb, and my average flavor rating is 8. This is yet another treasure box of possibilities, making growing of saved seed sure to be fun and full of nice surprises.

Tomatoes 9-16 - Indeterminate Heirlooms X Dwarf Tomato Project varieties F1 hybrids- new dwarf families

9 - Blue’s Bling X Dwarf Mocha’s Cherry F1 - Blingy Family - First fruit 71 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with golf ball sized, round fruit showing some antho coloring when exposed to the sun. Leaf shape, fruit size and shape and color were predicted, but the antho shading was a surprise. The flavor was quite good - balanced, mildly sweet, rating 7.5. Dwarf hunting from saved seeds will provide some interesting options, with both variegation and anthocyanin coloring in the mix.

10 - Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom X Dwarf Speckled Heart F1 - Lilly Family - First fruit 64 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to extremely large smooth fruit ranging from round to slightly heart shaped. The tomatoes were scarlet with faint gold striping. The size and shape of the fruit were both surprising. Flesh was firm and meaty, light red with some yellow mottling, and some harder white patches in the larger fruit. The flavor was very good and somewhat variable fruit to fruit, meriting a flavor rating of 7.5. The objective of the indeterminate X dwarf crosses is not the fruit quality of the hybrid - the real fun begins with dwarf hunting, and this one should be such fun to play with.

11 - Lucky Cross X Dwarf Buddy’s Heart F1 - Lucky Family - First fruit 64 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with medium to large smooth fruit ranging from round to slightly heart shaped. The tomatoes were scarlet red, and the flesh light red with some yellow mottling. The flavor was very good to excellent, slightly variable fruit to fruit, but overall rated an 8. This is another that will be really enjoyable for dwarf hunting work.

12 - Cancelmo Family Heirloom X Dwarf Moby’s Cherry F1 - Moby Family - First fruit 62 days from transplant. Very heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with 2-3 ounce plum/heart shaped scarlet red fruit, with light red interiors with a bit of yellow mottling. It really was a tomato machine and lots of these ended up canned or slow roasted. The flavor was very good, rated 7.5. All sorts of interesting things should pop out of the future dwarf hunting work.

13 - Don’s Double Delight X Dwarf Mocha’s Plum F1 - Donny Family - This and the next two tomatoes were all very similar in size, shape and productivity, which is not surprising given the same female dwarf used as a breeding partner. First ripe fruit 69 days from transplant. Extremely heavy yielding indeterminate regular leaf plant with 3-4 ounce smooth plum or pear shaped tomatoes. Color was scarlet red with gold stripes with distinct antho coloration on the shoulders where exposed to full sun. The flesh was light red and firm with good balanced flavor, rating 7.5. This and the next two varieties ended up in lots of my canning jars given the extreme yield. This cross should yield up a treasure trove of interesting possibilities when growing out saved seed, with interest in both dwarf and indeterminate selections.

14 - Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom X Dwarf Mocha’s Plum F1 - Mokey Family - First ripe fruit in 71 days from transplant. Everything stated for the tomato above goes for this one in terms of size, shape and yield - regular leaf indeterminate, 3-4 ounce smooth plum shaped fruit. The color was pink, with some yellow on the shoulders and distinct antho tinting on the exposed shoulders. Flavor was slightly better, with more sweetness, rating an 8. Oh, the fun that this will be to explore from saved seeds.

15 - Lucky Cross X Dwarf Mocha’s Plum F1 - Crossy Family - First ripe fruit 69 days from transplant. Essentially the same in coloration, size, flavor and all other plant attributes when compared to tomato 14, above. This will be equally rewarding to explore. Summarizing - regular leaf indeterminate plant with tons of 4 ounce plum shaped pink tomatoes with some yellow, and some antho, with a flavor of 8.

16 - Dwarf Mr. Snow X Dwarf Mocha’s Plum F1 - Misty Family - First ripe fruit 72 days from transplant. This is (I think) actually a dwarf X dwarf hybrid. The plant is dwarf, compact, regular leaf, producing an enormous yield of slender paste type purple tomatoes with heavy antho shoulders were exposed to full sun. The flesh is very firm, flavor fair, rating 6. This is a bit of a mystery. Being a dwarf X dwarf, all seedlings are dwarf, so there was no way to confirm the cross on that basis. Fruit size indicates it is indeed a hybrid (about 3 times larger than Dwarf Mocha’s Plum). However saved seed didn’t yet show the expected small percentage of potato leaf seedlings (given a limited sample). This, therefore, is either the expected hybrid, or just a larger fruited selection of Dwarf Mocha’s Plum. Work with saved seed will reveal the answer.

Tomatoes 17-20 - New Indeterminate Family Heirlooms

17 - Bing - First ripe 88 days from transplant. Seed for this family heirloom was sent to me by Josh Branstetter. Josh’s grandfather (Grandpa Bing) settled in Iowa after serving in Europe in World War II and had large gardens, from which Josh remembers eating wonderful tomatoes. Josh found seeds of the Bing tomato when cleaning out his house following his death. Given the location of the family, my hope was that this variety could be related to the lost (as initially described in 1923) Abraham Lincoln. The regular leaf plant was quite unusual in being more spreading/compact, less tall/upright/slender that is typical of indeterminate heirlooms. It also struggled, contracting what appeared to be Fusarium wilt mid season. Despite this, the yield of fruit was impressive, and the large tomatoes that approached (a few exceeded) one pound were nearly round (also unusual for an heirloom type) and scarlet red in color. The flavor was simply outstanding, a solid 8 (at least). Suffice to say that aside from the plant health difficulty, this was a very impressive tomato. I will certainly work to see if this can be a seed company release.

18 - Aunt Gladys - First ripe 77 days from transplant. Seeds for this tomato were shared with me by Tennessee master gardener Jack Melnick. It is a family heirloom dating back to at least 1928, and Jack wishes the name to be Aunt Gladys, in honor of his aunt. The vigorous potato leaf plant yielded relatively early for this type of heirloom, producing smooth oblate pink fruit that occasionally reached one pound in size. Alas, my high hopes were dashed a bit when tasting the tomatoes, which were consistent in flavor throughout the season. I rated them a 6.5, having a peculiar flavor characteristic that I’ve found in quite a few pink fruited heirlooms in my gardening experience. I likened the flavor to the variety German Johnson, which is not a favorite of mine. Yet there will certainly be those that simply love this variety (German Johnson is a very popular heirloom), and I believe it merits release from a seed company.

19 - Fulk’s - First ripe 87 days from transplant - I received seeds of this tomato from a fellow named Parker Smith. He received the variety from his friend Donnie Fulks from Tullahoma, TN. The tomato originated with Donnie’s family, and the journey was Europe to South Carolina to Athens, Alabama. This tomato had a growth habit, fruit size, shape and color very similar to that of Aunt Gladys. The vigorous, heavy yielding potato leaf plant produced smooth oblate pink fruit, a few of which reached one pound. The flavor varied a bit, and I found it a bit mild for my taste buds, and rated it a 7. Some fruit had small dark lines or areas in the flesh that detracted from the quality. I am on the fence for what happens next for this, and will know more once I reexamine the info that accompanied the seeds. Again, it is reminiscent of German Johnson in flavor.

20 - Earl - First ripe 88 days from transplant - I received this variety from Emily Chitwood. She received the seeds from a mother of a friend. Earl Sartain from Danielsville, Ga was serving in the military in Germany during the second World War. When he came back to the states he brought with him seeds from a tomato he had collected during his time stationed in Germany. It is this variety that Emily shared with me. This is simply one of my tomatoes of the season in flavor. It reminded me very much of authentic Brandywine. The potato leaf plant was not as vigorous as some of the others I grew this year, but it had staying power and really cranked out tomatoes throughout the summer, right until the end of my harvesting. The tomatoes varied in size from 6 to 16 ounces, were oblate, pink, and relatively smooth. The flavor was everything I look for in a great tomato - balanced, intense, complex and simply delicious, receiving a rare 9 rating. I will certainly be working to get a better idea of the history, as well as encouraging my friend Mike to offer it in his Victory Seed catalog in the future.

Tomatoes 21- 57 - Favorite Indeterminate or Determinate Varieties

21 - Cherokee Purple - First ripe 86 days. This was not the best year for Cherokee Purple in my gardens. The fruit were appropriate in color, size and yield, but fruitworms seemed attracted to it more than other varieties, and its location (toward the rear of the garden) led to less yield than I had hoped. Still, it was typically wonderful, with lots of 8-12 oz (with a few approacing a pound) oblate purple fruit with that perfectly balanced flavor I’ve come to crave since first growing it in 1990. I rated it an 8 out of 10.

22 - Cherokee Chocolate - First ripe in 86 days. Cherokee Chocolate was too successful in a way this year, as the heavy fruit set caused the plant to collapse downward, necessitating placement of a stack of web flats behind the bale to prevent breakage of the main stem. It also was the plant most impacted by Septoria. Still, yield and flavor were typically excellent with lots of 8-16 ounce oblate chocolate fruit with that perfectly balanced flavor and great texture, a solid 8 for flavor.

23 - Cherokee Green - First ripe in 86 days. Always a pleaser, this year Cherokee Green did not disappoint, with an excellent yield of 8-16 ounce oblate green fleshed fruit with a yellow skin. The flavor was balanced, intense and delicious, and rated a solid 8.

24 - Green Giant - First ripe in 91 days. Coming in with the glut of many varieties, I tended to overlook Green Giant this year. It certainly was delicious as always, with a heavy yield of 12-16 ounce or larger oblate tomatoes with green flesh and clear skin, but for whatever reason, I ended up rating it 7.5 in flavor, perhaps due to poor attention paid to when I picked and ate it. It certainly was typically impressive in size and yield.

25 - Lucky Cross - First ripe in 93 days. I just love this tomato. It had a very good season, with an excellent yield of large (12-16 ounces with a few larger) oblate smooth bright yellow tomatoes with red swirling in and out. The flavor was typically excellent, rating an 8 - and the contrast with the fruity bicolors such as Pineapple reaffirmed my preference for this similar looking variety.

26 - Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom - First ripe in 94 days. Lillian’s simply never disappoints, and I am surprised with how well it yields here in Hendersonville, when compared with Raleigh. Pale yellow large tomatoes on a potato leaf plant, lots of of them, some with just a hint of pink at the blossom end and the very core, were among the best tasting of my garden this year (or any year, for that matter).

27 - Ferris Wheel - first ripe in 80 days. I think that I grew this from a different seed source, the one used for the Seedlinked trials. It was a bit different from my own selection (that dates back to my acquisition from the USDA collection) - not quite as large, earlier, a bit rounder. However, the yield was excellent - among the heaviest of my indeterminate heirlooms - and the flavor just a tad less than the typically superb taste I typically experience from this. I will return to my own saved seeds from prior grow outs next year. My records indicate a flavor rating of 7.5, when Ferris Wheel typically is at least an 8.

28 - Yellow Brandywine - first ripe in 90 days. Given a relatively poor location at the back part of my bale array, it still performed very well, producing lots of medium to large smooth oblate bright orange tomatoes. This is a very meaty tomato, with less seeds than many. What I love about the flavor is the distinct element of tartness. Yellow Brandywine really excelled in flavor, achieving an 8.5.

29 - Yellow Oxheart - first ripe in 89 days. Poor Yellow Oxheart; it seemed to be THE magnet for tomato fruit worms. It also was at the back of my garden, yet the plant ended up monstrous and healthy, with the best fruit set I’ve ever experienced with this variety, first grown in 1990 in Pennsylvania I didn’t get to sample many of the large, pale orange heart shaped fruit that didn’t have issues from rot due to worms. My records indicate 7.5, which is about right for this variety. I consider it a superb sauce tomato and a very good eating tomato, lacking the intensity of the very best.

30 - Yellow Bell - First ripe in 83 days. Few plants were as viney/complex as this rather rare variety that I was happy to return to after a long absence from my gardens. Unique in being an indeterminate paste tomato with a bright yellow color, they really came on late. The fruit were a bit puffy, with spaces between the seeds and walls. The flavor is very good, but for me this variety really shines when used for slow roasting. I was pleased to grow it again, and gave it a 7.5 for flavor.

31 - Dr. Wyche’s Yellow - First ripe in 71 days. This variety always grows well for me, starting from rather sickly looking, weak young seedlings to produce very vigorous, heavily yielding plants. The 6-12 ounce (wht a few reaching one pound) tomatoes are a nice medium to pale orange color, smooth and oblate in shape. The flavor, alas, doesn’t thrill me, garnering a 7 rating (not too bad, though!). I feel the same about Kellogg’s Breakfast (which I’ve grown off and on through the years). For an orange indeterminate tomato, Yellow Brandywine is my variety of choice. I find Dr. Wyche just a bit too sweet/mild for my liking.

32, 33 - Pineapple plants 1 and 2 - planting dates not noted, but definitely in the 90 day from transplant area. These two plants were left behind by Joe Lamp’l when he had his first visit to my garden. He started them from seed, and I used them to demonstrate grow bag and straw bale tomato growing for our tomato course, Growing Epic Tomatoes. They were quite abused, dug out of the bale and bag and potted together in a 5 gallon container and largely ignored. I eventually gave each of them a 2 gallon container and placed them near the fence leading to my driveway, hoping to get a fruit or two off of each plant. Despite the way-too-small container and relatively lack of sun (only a few hours daily), the plants grew well and each provided several large (one pound or more) lovely red/yellow bicolored oblate fruit. The flavor was very familiar to me having grown it way back in 1988 as among the first heirlooms of my gardening experience. Then, as with this year, I find these types of tomatoes just too peachy/fruity-sweet for me, lacking balance, and I rate them 6.5 on the 10 point scale. They are certainly beautiful and are very useful when the flavor is not the key feature (grilled cheese, burger topper), but give me Lucky Cross for my primary excellent eating red/yellow bicolor.

34 - Blue’s Bling - First ripe 88 days. It is remarkable to see how much the growth habit, fruit color, and flavor are so much like Cherokee Purple (from which this was selected by a gardening friend, apparently as a foliage color mutation from green to green/white variegated). It is a superb variety with a gorgeous plant and heavy yield of large purple tomatoes, rated 8 in flavor and to me essentially the same as Cherokee Purple.

35 - Winsall - First ripe 82 days. What a historic variety (Henderson Seed Company, 1924), and those who watched the Growing a Greener World episode that was really the first collaboration between Joe Lamp’l and I know, it is involved in a very nice story that unfolded when we first started selling tomato seedlings at the State Farmers Market in Raleigh. I’ve not grown it in quite a few years, but was delighted with its performance here in Hendersonville. It was pretty much a tomato machine, producing lots of smooth oblate pink fruit in the one pound range. Though it is not in the absolute best flavor category, it is just fine, with a mild, sweet well balanced flavor and meaty interior. It also allows a peek into what gardeners were enjoying in the late 1800s, being an improvement on the most widely grown large pink tomato of that time, Ponderosa. It rated 7.5 for me.

36 - Mortgage Lifter, Estler - First ripe 75 days. This is one of my few disappointments in the 2021 garden. Last year I learned more about the two great Mortgage Lifters, Radiator Charlie (from Logan West Virginia in the 1940s, created by amateur breeding), and Estler (from Barboursville West Virginia, as a lucky find among another variety, in the late 1920s). It isn’t an easy variety to find, so I contacted the Seed Savers Exchange and they sent a sample from their collection. I was surprised to find it ripening so soon, and so small - in the 8 ounce range, rather than the expected 24-32 ounce range. The flavor was pretty average, and resembled German Johnson in being a bit mild and bland for my liking - I did rate it a 7. I am going to continue my search for the real Estler’s Mortgage Lifter.

37 - Hugh’s - First ripe 94 days. I’ve always loved Hugh’s since first growing it in 1990 in Pennsylvania. The enormous bright yellow tomatoes are produced on an enormously tall plant in enormous quantity. One of two varieties that snapped its metal core stakes in this year’s garden, it performed just as I hoped. The tomatoes were delicious - even better than I remembered - rating an 8. I definitely tend to underrate this tomato, but never again.

38 - Anna Russian - First ripe 81 days. I loved some tomatoes when first sent to me, and Anna Russian was a real star in my 1989 garden in Pennsylvania. Raleigh was not particularly kind to the variety, being hotter and more humid than the variety appreciated. I am so excited to report that it loved growing here in Hendersonville. The yield of uniform, smooth, perfect 6-10 ounce pink hearts was truly impressive. I loved the flavor as well, and it garnered an 8 rating.

39 - Nepal - First ripe 93 days. Here is another example of a superb tomato that just struggled to grow well in Raleigh. It is a special tomato for me, as it is the variety that changed my tomato selections from hybrids to heirlooms back in 1986. For whatever reason, Fusarium wilt seemed to afflict the variety often. I decided to give it a go here in Hendersonville, using seed from my friend Charlie (who got the seeds from me!). I am pleased to say that I am once more smitten with Nepal. This is the other variety that set fruit so heavily that it snapped 2 metal core stakes (and was propped up by a saw horse!). I am always surprised at the density of foliage and relative lateness of a variety that is not huge. The fruit were uniform, smooth, round and in the 6-12 ounce range. The scarlet tomatoes had all of the flavor that I remember from those early successful years, and it received an 8.5 rating. For an pretty ordinary looking red tomato, this one is just stellar.

40 - Dester - First ripe 83 days. Dester is another of the very few relative failures in my 2021 garden. The plant never did look entirely happy and healthy, and showed signs of Fusarium Wilt quite early on. It was also setting fruit, so I grew it on to harvest several somewhat misshapen oblate pink tomatoes. The few parts I did taste were superb, a solid 8, but this just was not Dester’s year. It will definitely get another shot. Sometimes bad things happen to good plants!

41 - Large Lucky Red - first ripe 86 days. This is quite an interesting variety, emerging as a solid scarlet off-color selection from Lucky Cross. I’ve grown it but a few times and I decided to revisit it for this year’s garden. It didn’t get a prime spot, situated toward the back of my garden, but the yield of quite irregular scarlet fruit was surprisingly good. Fruit size averaged a pound. Tomato fruit worms were quite enamored with the variety. Though it wasn’t in the top tier in flavor, it still scored a solid 7.5. It ripened during the midseason glut of varieties and really didn’t receive my undivided attention, so I may have underrated it.

42 - Brandywine - First ripe 92 days. Brandywine had a struggle in my garden, exhibiting a failure to thrive from about the 3 foot height point. I suspected bacterial wilt, because the plant, despite having proper green colored foliage, visibly wilted in the sun, even when well watered. Yet it hung in there, didn’t yield particularly well but did provide some pink medium sized tomatoes with the typical outstanding flavor, at 8.5. Brandywine sets a high standard for tomato flavor, so it will certainly get future chances in my gardens.

43 - Giant Syrian - First ripe 80 days. One of the main themes of this year’s garden was a return to favorites past to see how they do when grown in Hendersonville. This variety joins Anna Russian, Hugh’s and Nepal in the “welcome back” party! Aside from producing the largest tomato of the year (2.5 pounds), productivity, health and flavor were all outstanding. The scarlet tomatoes were prominently heart shaped, meaty and scored a solid 8 in flavor. I loved it! It is a variety I’ve had in my tomato collection since being sent to me by Charlotte Mullens of WV back in 1990.

44 - Polish - First ripe 84 days. Wow! Polish really cranked out the tomatoes. It is an especially vigorous, distinctive potato leaf variety. The oblate pink tomatoes are quite smooth. It receives a rare 9 in flavor. Another I’ve had since 1990, it deserves to be in my top 5 varieties. There are quite a few tomatoes with “Polish” in the name. This is the one to grow, sent to me in 1988 by Bill Ellis of PA.

45 - Aker’s West Virginia - First ripe 89 days. I try to LOVE this variety, and decided that it is not quite at that lofty level, but very very likeable. It is a very large scarlet red tomato that as an unripe fruit does not show green shoulders, and is more round than oblate. The tomatoes easily reach one pound and can go larger. It is a solid 7.5 in flavor.

46 - Andrew Rahart’s Jumbo Red - First ripe 88 days. Lots of what I said for Aker’s West Virginia applies to this variety. The dense fruit set led to the main stem slipping downward, so a stack of web flats was needed to support his one as well. The oblate scarlet tomatoes ranged from 12-16 ounces and rated 7.5 in flavor. This and Aker’s, above, are two perfect varieties for those looking for old fashioned red beefsteak types.

47 - Magnus - First ripe 91 days. This is yet another triumph that far exceeded its performance in Raleigh. Always a favorite because the first seed catalog I collected, a 1900 Livingston Seed Company, had this variety as its new release cover variety. I searched for many years, considering it extinct until I found it in the USDA collection. Unique in being a potato leaf variety whose fruit is not huge and irregular, it is actually a lovely pink smooth nearly round tomato of medium size (6-8 oz, with a few as large as 10 oz). I grew it in a cage this year and only minimally pruned it, resulting in huge yield. I rated the flavor as 7.5, and likely underrated it a bit since it came in with the mid season tomato glut.

48 - Taxi - First ripe 63 days. This is one of two varieties I grew to demonstrate determinate varieties for our tomato course. Taxi will never be the best flavored tomato in the garden, but it will be among the earliest non-cherry tomatoes, and produces heavily over a short period of time. The bright yellow firm tomatoes are in the 4 ounce range, are perfect for canning, and it really never tasted better for me, at 7.5 out of 10. It is a great way to start off the tomato harvest.

49 - Martino’s Roma - First ripe 73 days. This is the second of the determinate varieties grown this year. It is simply a tomato machine, ripening the heavy crop of scarlet 3 ounce classic plum shaped tomatoes over a short period of time. For sauce making or roasting, this is THE variety to grow. It actually tasted pretty good, too - rating 7, which is fine for a paste type.

50 - Sungold F1 - planting date not noted, but quite early. With my recent disappointments with this variety, I returned to the source that first offered it in the US - Johnny’s Selected Seeds, back in the late 1980s. Success! Sungold tasted just like it should - exquisite. It’s 9 rating is no surprise.

51 - Tiger Tom - planting date not noted, midseason. I made a very late decision to include one of the first heirlooms I collected in my garden, situating it in a large container against our side fence, where it really didn’t receive very much sun. I really just wanted some fresh seeds and a chance to taste it again. It really did very well, producing lots of golf ball sized tomatoes that were scarlet with gold stripes and a flavor with a lovely kick of tartness - a sure 8 to my palate. What a joy to return to an old friend and find it still wonderful.

52-55 Mexico Midget, 4 plants - planting date not noted, typically early. I had seedlings from four different seed lots and decided to plant them in large pots against the fence in my low light area, just to get some saved seed and throw handfuls into our salads. All plants were from seeds that I specially treated during fermentation, leading to excellent, quick germination. All plants produced delicious pea sized scarlet tomatoes. What a delicious tiny variety this is, and anyone who tastes it just loved it - solid 8, of course.

56 - Egg Yolk - planting date not noted - midseason. I planted Egg Yolk and Fruity together in a large pot quite late in the spring just to get some fresh seeds. It was a pretty awful placement, with hardly any sunlight. To make matters worse, the neighbor sprayed his side of the fence with herbicide, so poor Egg Yolk was quite doomed. I only harvested a few tomatoes and didn’t taste any - just saved a few seeds.

57 - Fruity - planting date not noted - early. I planted Fruity in the same container as Egg Yolk (see above). It actually handled the abuse better than Egg Yolk and provided quite a few nice small scarlet red cherry tomatoes whose flavor does quite approach Sungold - probably an 8.5.

Tomatoes 58 - 91 - Dwarf Tomato Project Varieties, released

58 - Dwarf Walter’s Fancy - First ripe in 90 days. This is one beautiful plant with the dark bluish green potato leaf foliage streaked with pure white. It seems to be a variety that takes its time to set fruit, but a bit of patience led to a fine yield - some midseason, some later season. The pale yellow to ivory tomatoes were in the 6-8 ounce range, smooth skinned and oblate in shape. The nice tartness of one of the parents, Dwarf Mr. Snow, came through - this is a solid 8.

59 - Dwarf Gloria’s Great - First ripe in 85 days. One of my tomatoes of the season, the yet to be released Dwarf Gloria’s Treat was a total monster (I think Victory will be selling it next year; it did great for them too). The tomatoes varied a bit in shape, but tended to be heart shaped and quite large - up to one pound - bright yellow with red streaks, and simply delicious…intense, well balanced, and a real winner. I rated it 8.5.

60 - Dwarf Summer Sweet Gold - First ripe in 84 days. I grew this because it was part of the Seedlinked slicers trial. I’ve not grown it in several years, and was delighted with how it did. It was a late addition and planted toward the rear of the bale area, so provided some tomatoes later in my season. The medium to medium large bright yellow tomatoes are simply delicious, and I give it a well deserved 8 on my 10 point scale.

61 - Sweet Scarlet Dwarf - First ripe in 88 days. I’ve had mixed luck with this, one of my favorite flavored of our project dwarf varieties. Giving it a straw bale location and cage did the trick. On occasion I’ve gotten yellow, rather than red, tomatoes (red being the most challenging color to stabilize). This year the color worked out just fine, and I got lots of 8-12 ounce oblate scarlet tomatoes with a full flavor that is on the tart side, rating a solid 8. The plant did get Fusarium wilt later in the season.

62 - Loxton Lad - First ripe in 75 days. I had a request for this variety from a gardening friend and noted how low my seed supply was, having grown it and the following closely related variety only a few times, and some years ago. My record keeping was not very good later in the season - between Loxton Lad and Loxton Lass, but in general Lad was more oblate and a bit larger, topping out at 10 oz, most in the 6-8 oz range. I was delighted with the yield and health of both of these fine orange tomatoes. They are medium sized, and very flavorful - solid 8 ratings - with a bit more sweetness than some of the other orange tomatoes from our project.

63 - Loxton Lass - First ripe in 73 days. Please see the entry above for Loxton Lad. These 2 tomatoes are quite similar. This tends to be a bit rounder and smaller, in the 6 oz range. Both are well worth growing.

64, 65 - Dwarf Purple Heartthrob, 2 plants - planting date not noted. I planted two plants, in 5 gallon containers, in the same gravel driveway area with plans to test the impact of epsom salt application (to just one of the plants). The findings were inconclusive, mostly due to my lack of discipline late in the season. Both plants produced medium sized purple heart shaped tomatoes with distinct green vertical stripes, with a deep crimson flesh. Flavor is very good - well balanced, and I rated each 7.5. By no means were these optimally grown, and I want to return to them soon to get a better idea of their quality.

66 - Dwarf Goldfinch - planting date not noted. This is a variety that is a recent release, but not yet grown in my garden. Including it was a bit of an afterthought, giving it a 5 gallon grow bag quite late in the season. It, and Dwarf Grinch, below, were the last two tomatoes to ripen, and the plants were not particularly healthy (nor the tomatoes in very good shape). The medium sized bright yellow tomatoes were used as seed saving only, not tasted.

67 - Dwarf Grinch - planted date not noted. Read the entry above for Dwarf Goldfinch - the same situation applied for Dwarf Grinch. The medium sized clear skinned, green fleshed tomatoes were oblate and medium sized, and used for seed saving only.

Tomatoes 68-88 - Dwarf Tomato Project varieties, works in progress

68 - Dwarf Awesome - planting date not noted. This is a fairly recent release that people seem to love. I thought it deserved a shot as a late planting, but it didn’t work out too well. I did get a few medium sized oblate red/yellow bicolored tomatoes for seed saving only, not tasting.

69 - Dwarf Sonrojo Monster - planting date not noted. This variety is yet to be released. The objective is a large pink heart shaped tomato on a regular leaf dwarf. This was clearly an incorrect selection, giving me oblate medium sized scarlet tomatoes, not tasted but used for seed saving. The red color indicates that the seed was crossed in Bill Minkey’s garden.

70 - Suzy family, F2, regular leaf - planting date not noted. Though flavorful and productive, this was a smaller and rounder pink tomato than the potato leaf selection, below. My two attempts at getting a fuzzy fruited dwarf didn’t pan out this year. I don’t consider this a major lead, but it is a nice tomato. It rated 8 in flavor with its nice sweet complete taste.

71 - Suzy family, F2, potato leaf - First ripe 75 days. What a delightful surprise this one was! I didn’t get a hoped for fuzzy/matte skinned dwarf, but I did get a pretty spectacular medium to large oblate pink variety with an excellent flavor and outrageous yield. It is a solid 8 in flavor, and is very promising. I have an idea of who to send it off to for continued selection and naming.

72 - Blazey family, F2, yellow regular leaf - planting date not noted. This is one odd variety, but I bred it to be so. The yellow foliage is very distinct, and unripe tomatoes are nearly pure white. The regular leaf selection produced oblate scarlet tomatoes topping out at 8 ounces, with a very good flavor I rated at 7.5. My hope was to find orange fruit, so it will be back to the drawing board.

73 - Blazey family, F2, yellow potato leaf - planting date not noted. Similarly yellow leaf by breeding design, the tomatoes on the potato leaf selection were also scarlet (as in the variety above), but smaller, coming in at about 3 ounces, but also better flavored, reaching a rating of 8.

74 - Dwarf Big Valentine - planting date not noted. This is a large heart shaped, pink fruited potato leaf selection from the Ivalde family. I planted it late and in a poor location, so the pink heart shaped fruit were not tasted but used only for saving some seed from. This promising variety is a work in progress.

75 - Dwarf Chocolate Heartthrob - planting date not noted. Yet another late planted grow bag variety, I harvested a surprising number of heart shaped, medium sized chocolate colored tomatoes with greenish stripes. The flavor is very good, 7.5. I think we are very close with this one, from the same family as Dwarf Purple Heartthrob (which is released).

76 - Dwarf Oriole - First ripe 71 days. From the Fancy family, this very promising selection did very well again this year. Though the ripe fruit didn’t have a strong central pink blush in the orange flesh, it produced very well, yielding very large pale orange tomatoes with a delicious flavor, rating 7.5 or better. The Fancy family led to Dwarf Tanager, a potato leaf orange. This will be another fine release, the larger fruited regular leaf orange partner to Tanager.

77 - Dwarf Great Scott - First ripe 72 days. This was a bit of a disappointment. My hope was a medium sized pink heart shaped tomato with gold stripes and an excellent flavor. My plant this year gave me the proper color, an excellent yield and fruit size, but the heart shape didn’t show up and the flavor was not all that impressive, a solid 7 but my expectations were higher based on last year’s result. Back to the drawing board for this one.

78-81 - Dwarf Great Scott, yellow leaf, 4 plants - planting date not noted. When I planted seeds of Dwarf Great Scott, I noted that some of the seedlings were going to have yellow leaves (not unexpected from the Scotty family). I planted four of them in grow bags and they all grew pretty much the same. The very vigorous plants all had yellow leaves. The unripe fruit were nearly white, clearly heart shaped, in the 6 ounce range, with distinct stripes. The fruits ripened to pink with gold stripes, with fairly good flavor of 7 or perhaps a bit better. Having a yellow leaf, pink and gold striped heart sounds fun, so more work awaits to further refine the best selection.

82 - Beauty selection T20-78- First ripe 92 days. The Beauty family provided a lot of new dwarf varieties, but one bit of work remained - finalizing a light and dark green striped, green fleshed selection that I’ve been chasing for years. This particular selection is more reminiscent of a future selection called Dwarf Beauty’s Kiss - a green/crimson bicolor, in and out. The medium large tomatoes had good flavor, coming in at 7 or a bit better - but not exactly what I hoped for.

83 - Beauty Selection T20-68 - First ripe 99 days. Bingo! This selection gave me what I hoped to see - medium to medium large oblate fruit that had light and dark green external striping, with a green fleshed interior with just a hint of pink, and a very good flavor - 7.5-8. This is my lead for taking forward.

84 - Dwarf Mocha’s Cherry - planting date not noted. I tucked one seedling of this variety into my standing raised bed then pretty much forgot about it. Late in the season I noted that it was producing well, a large purple cherry with distinct dark antho shoulders. I didn’t taste it but used it for seed saving. I grew it to confirm size, shape and color - mission accomplished.

85 - Dwarf Mocha’s Plum - planting date not noted. The main difference between this and the one above is shape - this should be a smaller purple plum with dark antho shoulder coloring. I tucked one plant late into my raised bed - late in the season it provided a few appropriate tomatoes that were used for seed saving only. I did confirm the desired size, shape and color for this variety.

86 - Dwarf Johnson Cherry - planting date not noted. Yet another that I tucked into my raised bed late in the spring, it produced lots of slightly variably sized pink cherry tomatoes with very good flavor, rating at 7.5 or better. It is a really nice pink dwarf cherry tomato.

87 - Dwarf Mary’s Cherry - planting date not noted. As with those above, this late spring addition into my raised bed was planted to get a confirmation of fruit size, shape and color and some seeds. Mary’s Cherry was quite variable in size, up to 4 ounces, and I did get to taste a few….delicious - a nice 8 rated purple smaller fruited dwarf.

88 - Dwarf Liz’s Teardrop - planting date not noted. Also tucked into my elevated raised bed, this astounding variety has the cutest small teardrop shaped pink cherry tomatoes with a nice sweet flavor. The main issue is that it produced hardly any seeds at all! We need to solve that mystery before this one can become seed company available.

89 - Dwarf Eagle Smiley Yellow Cherry - First ripe 63 days. This is one special dwarf cherry tomato, and my garden friend and Dwarf Tomato Project contributor Justin should be proud of his work on this variety. It is super prolific and simply delicious, right up there with Sungold for flavor. I rated it a solid 8 or slightly better for flavor. If all goes well, Victory Seed company will be selling it soon.

90 - Teensy Pink cherry - First ripe 67 days. An offspring of Mexico Midget, this is the latest selection sent to me by a Raleigh gardening friend Ann. Last year I didn’t care for the pink cherry from the Teensy family. Growing her latest selection, this year I found it very, very good and extremely prolific. It won’t be the absolute best flavored cherry tomato in the garden, but is mighty fine. Lots of these made it into cherry tomato pesto. Flavor ranking is 7 or slightly better.

91 - Capri Show Stopper - First ripe 76 days. This is a rather interesting story. Patrina (my Australian friend and co-leader of the Dwarf Tomato Breeding project) selected and named this out of the Pesty family. She sent me just a few seeds and I distributed them here and there. Somehow, the variety ended up indeterminate (Patrina may have sent me a mixed sample). I was down to 1 seed and decided to see if it would germinate. It certainly did, and the seedling was dwarf. It really was a lovely surprise, producing lots and lots of large oblate pink tomatoes, up to one pound, with a nice balanced flavor on the sweet side - not quite an 8, but certainly a 7.75 in flavor rating. Patrina doesn’t like the name, so this will be a tomato in search of a new name - and I have a good idea of how to proceed!

Tomatoes 92 - 109 - selections from a Micro X indeterminate family and Fuzzy X indeterminate family, and a volunteer. Planting date was not noted for any of the following varieties. Also a very few surprise volunteers to round things out.

92 - Micro 1 - very short microdwarf, rugose foliage, white variegation, 1 ounce round scarlet tomatoes, fair flavor. Best attribute is variegated foliage.

93 - Micro 2 - taller plant, either a dwarf or a compact indeterminate, regular foliage, 3 oz round scarlet fruit, fairly good flavor flavor. No particularly redeeming qualities.

94 - Micro 3 - taller plant as with Micro 2, regular foliage, 2 ounce round chocolate tomatoes, possible faint stripes, fair flavor at best, high yields. Nice color, but not a micro and not tasty.

95 - Micro 4 - very short, compact microdwarf, regular leaf rugose foliage, 1 oz round scarlet tomatoes, crack prone, only fair flavor. Nothing special here.

96 - Micro 5 - essentially the same as Micro 3 - taller, small round chocolate tomatoes with fair flavor at best. Colorful, productive, but that’s it for positives.

97 - Micro 6 - essentially the same as Micro 4, above - ho hum.

98 - Micro 7 - short, compact rugose foliage microdwarf, was shaded and got diseased prior to flower or fruiting, no results. This is the only tomato that I didn’t get seed saved from - not bad!

99 - Micro 8 - essentially the same as Micro 4, above - another ho hum.

100 - Fuzzy 1 - slightly fuzzy foliage, fairly tall - not determinate, good yield of 3 ounce round scarlet fruit with a slight fuzz, flavor fair at best.

101 - Fuzzy 2 - plant the same as Fuzzy 1 - fruit a bit smaller, 2 ounces, no better in flavor.

102 - Fuzzy 3 - very fuzzy dusty miller foliage, not very compact, lots of nice smooth 3 ounce round pink fruit with a slight fuzz, pretty good flavor - an interesting lead to further explore in terms of flavor, foliage and fruit color.

103 - Fuzzy 4 - very fuzzy foliage, lots of round red 2 ounce scarlet fruit, flavor OK at best, most redeeming quality is yield and foliage fuzz.

104 - Fuzzy 5 - only slightly fuzzy quite tall plant, largest fruit of all - up to 5 oz, smooth oblate scarlet, flavor not particularly good. Large fruit size interesting, relative lack of fuzz, flavor or color interest not.

105 - Fuzzy 6 - very fuzzy plant, quite tall, 2 ounce round smooth fruit that are purple!, flavor quite good - this is the most interesting result and indicates that Fuzzy was crossed with Cherokee Purple. Worth playing with going forward.

106 - Fuzzy 7 - very fuzzy plant, fruit to 6 ounces and lots of them, round to oblate pink, quite good flavor - this is the second most interesting of the Fuzzy project.

107 - Fuzzy 8 - only a slight amount of fuzz, quite tall plant, lots of 2 ounce round scarlet fruit with fair flavor at best, nothing particularly exciting here.

108 - driveway volunteer - this plant emerged among the gravel. The plant flowered and fruited, giving pink flat lobed mini beefsteak type fruit with good flavor. The closest thing I can think of is that it is a Teensy pink selection. Quite interesting and showed great stamina!

109 - garden volunteer - this plant emerged where Mexico Midget grew last year in one of our flower gardens. Fruit size, shape and color - and flavor - identify it as Mexico Midget.

Cherokee Purple (left), Lillian’s Yellow Heirloom (right), and the hybrid between the 2 (top), uncut, blossom end showing.